Bone tissue can be damaged by disease or injury however the body may not be able to readily regrow damaged or missing bone. Growth can be improved by providing a scaffold which mimics the extracellular matrix and helps cells regrow bone tissue. Researchers from University of Salerno (Italy) and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (Spain) used PLA (Cat# AP231) from PolySciTech division of Akina, Inc. (www.polyscitech.com) to create a bioactive mesh for bone repair. This research holds promise to provide for repair of bone tissue. Read more: Tommasino, Carmela, Giulia Auriemma, Carla Sardo, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, Emilia Garofalo, Silvana Morello, Giovanni Falcone, and Rita P. Aquino. "3D printed macroporous scaffolds of PCL and inulin-gP (D, L) LA for bone tissue engineering applications." International Journal of Pharmaceutics (2023): 123093. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517323005136
“Abstract: Bone repair and tissue-engineering (BTE) approaches require novel biomaterials to produce scaffolds with required structural and biological characteristics and enhanced performances with respect to those currently available. In this study, PCL/INU-PLA hybrid biomaterial was prepared by blending of the aliphatic polyester poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with the amphiphilic graft copolymer Inulin-g-poly(D,L)lactide (INU-PLA) synthetized from biodegradable inulin (INU) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The hybrid material was suitable to be processed using fused filament fabrication 3D printing (FFF-3DP) technique rendering macroporous scaffolds. PCL and INU-PLA were firstly blended as thin films through solvent-casting method, and then extruded by hot melt extrusion (HME) in form of filaments processable by FFF-3DP. The physicochemical characterization of the hybrid new material showed high homogeneity, improved surface wettability/hydrophilicity as compared to PCL alone, and right thermal properties for FFF process. The 3D printed scaffolds exhibited dimensional and structural parameters very close to those of the digital model, and mechanical performances compatible with the human trabecular bone. In addition, in comparison to PCL, hybrid scaffolds showed an enhancement of surface properties, swelling ability, and in vitro biodegradation rate. In vitro biocompatibility screening through hemolysis assay, LDH cytotoxicity test on human fibroblasts, CCK-8 cell viability, and osteogenic activity (ALP evaluation) assays on human mesenchymal stem cells showed favorable results.”
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