One way to deliver drugs to the desired location in a body
is to attach them via small particles, or backpacks, to macrophage cells which
are travelling to that section. Notably, this can be utilized to treat cancer
which is highly difficult to get drug molecules into the right location. Researchers
at University of Colorado Boulder, University of Florida used PLGA-Rhodamine (AV011) from PolySciTech
division of Akina, Inc. (www.polyscitech.com)
as part of creating magnetic backpacks to specifically bind to cellular
components. This research holds promise to provide for an additional cancer
treatment option. Read more: Day, Nicole B., Christopher R. Orear, Ambar C.
Velazquez-Albino, Hayden J. Good, Andrii Melnyk, Carlos M. Rinaldi-Ramos, and
C. Wyatt Shields IV. "Magnetic Cellular Backpacks for Spatial Targeting,
Imaging, and Immunotherapy." ACS Applied Bio Materials (2023). https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsabm.3c00720
“Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapies are growing in
popularity due to their ability to interact with diseased tissues in a specific
manner. Disc-shaped particles, or “backpacks”, that bind to cellular surfaces
show promise for augmenting the therapeutic potential of adoptively transferred
cells by resisting phagocytosis and locally releasing drugs to maintain
cellular activity over time. However, many ACTs suffer from limited tumor
infiltration and retention and lack a method for real-time spatial analysis.
Therefore, we have designed biodegradable backpacks loaded with
superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) to improve upon current ACT
strategies by (i) controlling the localization of cell-backpack complexes using
gradient magnetic fields and (ii) enabling magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to
track complexes after injection. We show that magnetic backpacks bound to
macrophages and loaded with a proinflammatory drug, resiquimod, maintain
anticancer phenotypes of carrier macrophages for 5 days and create cytokine
“factories” that continuously release IL-12. Furthermore, we establish that
forces generated by gradient magnet fields are sufficient to displace
cell-backpack complexes in physiological settings. Finally, we demonstrate that
MPI can be used to visualize cell-backpack complexes in mouse tumors, enabling
a potential strategy to track the biodistribution of ACTs in real time. KEYWORDS:
adoptive cell transfer immunotherapy cancer drug delivery macrophage
microparticle magnetic particle imaging”
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